EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY
Micro, small, and medium firms, which are typically risk-appraised by lenders as the "lower end" of the credit market, sometimes experience discrimination from formal credit providers, resulting in strict credit restriction and hefty risk-premium charges, if they are able to acquire credit at all. The restrictive situation stems from their inability to back up lending offers with traditional preferred securities such as mortgages, land, sterling shares, or other "gilt-edges" (CBN/CeRAM, 2007). This is why, in Nigeria and other developing nations, specific finance schemes and funds have emerged throughout time.
While financing is obviously not the only problem militating against the MSME sector, it is certainly the most formidable. Like any other investment in the real sector of the economy, investment in MSMEs is relatively bulky because of the need for fixed assets such as land, civil works, buildings, machinery and equipment and movable assets. Moreover, empirical studies (Udechukwu, 2003; NISER, 2005), show that the incidence of the extra outlays required to compensate for deficiencies in the supply of basic utilities is relatively heavier on MSMEs than large enterprises. While such extra investments have been shown to account for about 10 percent of the cost of machinery and equipment of large enterprises, they represent about 20 to 30 percent of that of MSMEs because of the absence of economies of scale.
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